Although the number of slaves traded in the indian ocean never reached the level of the west africanatlantic slave trade, european abolitionists focused a. Slavery and slave trade within east africa were well established before the europeans arrived. Multiple forms of slavery and servitude have existed throughout african history and were shaped by indigenous practices of slavery as well as the roman institution of slavery citation needed and the later christian views on slavery, the islamic institutions of slavery via the arab slave trade, and eventually the atlantic slave trade. My country ghana, formerly called the gold coast became. Slavery and the slave trade in eastern africa preliminary mss submitted on 2 april 2014 to unescos volume on forced migration of africans, to appear on unescos website for the slave. It involved trade between north africa and west africa on the one hand and east, central and southern africa on the other hand. The abolition of the slave trade act was passed on 25 march 1807, declaring that.
Bagamoyo was an important trading town on the coast of tanzania during the peak of the arab run slave and ivory trade. On the causes of the african slave trade university of glasgow. A prodigious number of slaves had been exported, contributing to the depopulation of east africa, and exceeding the transatlantic slave trade. In east africa a slave trade was well established before the europeans arrived on the scene. It also includes parts of europe such as iberia and sicily beginning during the era of the muslim conquests and continuing into the 20th century. East african ivory is soft ivory and is ideal for carving, and was always in great demand. The second stage of the triangular trade, the middle passage, involved shipping the slaves to the americas. Jamaican runaway slaves 17181795 summary number of slaves 4,150 creole i. The atlantic slave trade was one of the largest and most elaborate maritime and commercial ventures. The conventional historiography claims that the east african slave trade came to an end in the 1880s as a result of the british royal navys diligent patrols in the indian ocean.
This paper offers an integrated analysis of the forces shaping the emergence of the african slave trade over the early modern period. The trade was conducted through slave markets in the middle east, north africa and the horn of. District courts in the states of alabama, georgia, north carolina, and south carolina 5780 jonesboro road morrow, georgia 30260 770 9682100 morrow. The east african slave trade starts before the 9th century where has the transatlantic slave trade started in the 15th century. It is an as told to narrative with prentiss as the firstperson narrator i recounting brinchs life and adding his commentary on africa. The indian ocean stretches between the east coast of africa and the west coast of india. Yellow fever, asia and the east african slave trade.
The causes and consequences of africas slave trades. The african slave trade to asia and the indian ocean islands in. Publication date 1874 topics slave trade publisher. The largest and most studied of the slave trades is the trans.
In the early 1800s brinch narrated his memoirs to benjamin prentiss, an antislavery journalist, who published the blind african slave, or memoirs of boyrereau brinch, nicknamed jeffrey brace, in 1810. The malagasy market for east african slaves is noted by duffy, alpers, and capela, but none indicate its extent, while only alpers attempts an explanation for its existence. There was increasing concern about the unregulated slave trade from east africa to the middle east and to the islands in the indian office. But shifts in its meanings accorded with three overlapping eras of the african slave trade and slavery in the indian ocean. It was once part of the route for a slave trade known as the oriental or eastern slave trade. The east african slave trade in east africa a slave trade was well established before the europeans arrived on the scene. The slave trade of east africaappendix wikisource, the. The arab slave trade is the intersection of slavery and trade surrounding the arab world and indian ocean, mainly in western and central asia, northern and eastern africa, india, and europe. The african slave trade by basil davidson goodreads.
Having thus examined the present condition and circumstances of the east coast slavetrade, and the reasons assignable for its existence, let us proceed to the consideration of some means which may be adopted in mitigation of the evils brought on africa by that trade, or, as suggested by the bishop of mauritius, the employment by christian charity of the same means on the east coast as. The challenge consisted of reconstructing africas history, freeing it from racial prejudices ensuing from slave trade. The east african arab slave trade interesting history facts. He finds that the slave trade, which occurred over a period of more than 400 years, had a significant negative effect on longterm economic development. The atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved african people, mainly to the americas.
The atlantic slave trade download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl. The slave trade grew largely out of the same networks used for the trade in ivory, another major export from east africa that also experienced dramatic growth during this period. Ask students in small groups to make a list of the groups that played a role in the slave trade. Slavery and the slave trades in the indian ocean and arab. Slave trade and slavery on the swahili coast, 15001750 39 the african interior. Slavery in the swahili emirates of east africa ut college of liberal. Atlantic trade slave trade, where beginning in the fifteenth century. James gordon bennett, his earliest utterance, after years of silence to the outer world, the illustrious traveller solicits the aid of the new york herald towards the suppression of the slave trade on the east coast of africa. This is a summary of east african history from pre1500 to the 1960s, and independence.
We contrast the transatlantic slave trade, and trade across the sahara and to the arabian peninsula and mesopotamia, with that to far east and southeast asian ports before abolition of the african slave trade, and before the scientific community understood the transmission vector of yellow fever and the viral life cycle, and the need for. Africa britain and the ending of the slave trade, s. This barter occurred chiefly between the medieval era and the early 20th century. The history and legacy of the arab slave trade and the indian ocean slave trade to be fascinating because i knew little about the arab slave trade. This eastern slave trade was different to the slave trade.
Sidi and its variations always referred to african or african. In 1964, unesco launched the elaboration of the general history of africa gha with a view to remedy the general ignorance on africas history. The internal trade was conducted within the african continent itself. Thomas vernet to cite this version hal archive ouverte. More and more merchants from oman settled in zanzibar. For example, the east india company was involved in the east african slave trade but also collected slaves from the west coast of africa for its settlements in. The slave trade in east africa really took off from the 17th century. The slave trade and the origins of mistrust in africa. Mali, slave accounts of life in africa before capture. Arab slave trade refers to the practice of slavery in the arab world.
European slave traders, arab slave traders, african slave traders, tribal chiefs, american. The slave trade regularly used the triangular trade route and its middle passage, and existed from the 16th to the 19th centuries. First published in 1961, basil davidsons african slave trade represents what i imagine must have been a fairly cuttingedge and fairminded look at the precolonial through postcolonial story of the african slave trade, both east coast and west, coastline and interior. The slave trade of east africa wikisource, the free. Rodney argues that the slave trade fundamentally altered african economies. The african slave trade a selection of cases from the records of the u. The east african slave trade, 18611895 however, austen, like so many africanists before him, misses the vital role of madagascar in the east african slave trade. Since that time, the committee, which includes faculty, students, and administrators, has met periodically in an of. Large raiding parties, such as those led by the notorious trader. Export of slaves was mostly to the countries of the middle east, especially in the.
Cullman 3 rd library at the national museum of natural history have exceptional collections on david livingstone and. The east african slave trade, and the measures proposed for its extinction. Moreover, the controversial status of swahili populations in the modern states of east africa, and more generally the. Robbins library at the national museum of african art and the joseph f. The east africa slave trade reached its peak in 178990 when about 46 ships, carrying more than 16,000 slaves, circumnavigated the cape. Less well known is his firsthand encounter with the horrors of the arab slave trade in east africa. Telling african american history as new jersey history.
Although the number of slaves traded in the indian ocean never reached the level of the west african atlantic slave trade, european abolitionists focused a substantial portion of their efforts in the 19th century on zanzibar. The story of east africas role in the transatlantic slave trade. First, the slave trade discouraged statebuilding and encouraged slave raiding. In fact, the slave trade map not only lends substance to this early form of international trade, but also, by showing the courses it took, illuminates the impact of the system. This survey is a synthesis of the economic, social, cultural, and political history of the atlantic slave trade, providing the general reader with a basic understanding of the current state of scholarly knowledge of forced african migration and. History of east africa download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. The archipelago, which today is a semiautonomous part of tanzania, was then regarded as the center of the east african slave trade. The trade was conducted through slave markets in these areas, with the slaves captured mostly from africas interior. Harris evanston, northwestern university press, 1971. Slavery and justice to investigate and issue a public report on the universitys historical relationship to slavery and the transatlantic slave trade. The book explains the history of the scottish missionary dr. Thus, studies of the east african slave trade and the use of slaves have emphasized omani participation and influence as well as french demand. The law declared children born to slave mothers after july 4. East africa and the end of the indian ocean slave trade.
African slave trade the african slave trade was a massive system of europeans taking african americans and selling them into slavery. Britain continued its efforts to abolishing this trade by moving its west african squadron to the persian gulf. Some of the history of these countries, however, is naturally mentioned in this history of the rest of africa but is kept to the minimum needed to make the rest comprehensible. The arab east african slave trade was also significant, and it began around the 9th century as muslim arab and swahili traders began to dominate the swahili coast. This paper argues instead that the slave trade from east africa to eastern arabia endured long after the 1880s, in part because sustained demand for slave labor in arabia and the gulfparticularly in the. Although the article arguably identifies a negative causal relationship between the slave trade and income today, the analysis is.
The slave trade in africa was not only characterised by the transatlantic slave trade. After a few minutes of brainstorming, ask for the students responses. A study of the east african slave trade in bagamoyo sit digital. This is mainly in western asia, north africa, southeast africa, the horn of africa. A database on cdrom by cambridge university press 1999, and this data file is provided here in an expanded and continually growing form.
Arab slave trade simple english wikipedia, the free. Between 1492 and about 1870, ten million or more black slaves were carried from africa to one port or another of the americas. Moreover, as i would like to argue below, the rise of the african slave trade is also a clear example of an institution whose evolution is endogenous to the socioeconomic environment. It figures prominently in the earliest reference to trading activities on the east african coast. New approaches to the americas series by herbert s. This is a short history of africa excluding egypt, ethiopia and dutch and british south africa, which are the subjects of separate histories. The east african slave trade starts before the 9th century where has the transatlantic slave trade started in. This slave trade put africa in a weird relationship with europe that cause the depopulation of africa, but it increased the wealth of europe.
David livingstone and the other slave trade, part i. East brunswick slave ring in february 1804, new jersey became the last northern state to begin the process of emancipation and the total elimination of slavery in the garden state when it passed an act for the gradual abolition of slavery. The vast majority of those who were enslaved and transported in the transatlantic slave trade were people from. Journey of the discovery of the source of the nile by john hanning speke, new york 1869 indigenous slavery in west africa, known as pawnship, differed somewhat from the chattel slavery of the transatlantic trade, since pawns would live amongst a.
Slavery and slave trade within east africa were well established before the europeans arrived on the scene. Forming its core is the voyages database, originally published as the transatlantic slave trade. From the 7th century enslaved africans were taken to the middle east, north africa and india. Between the end of the 15th century and the end of the 19th century, the ivory trade grew by 3,000%. Slave trade and slavery on the swahili coast 15001750 halshs. The east african slave trade, and the measures proposed.